Unit 4: Linear Momentum
Physics 1 · Unit 4 · Paper 3

Linear Momentum unit test

A test on this unit alone, marked as a percentage and a letter grade — for the test your class is actually sitting, rather than for May. Answer everything, then submit once: seeing the answer to question 3 before attempting question 4 makes the final percentage meaningless.

Each paper is built from this unit’s 44 terms and is the same for everyone, so a teacher can assign “Unit 4, Paper 3” and every student sits the identical test. Multiple choice is marked objectively; the written sections you mark yourself against the model answer and rubric.
Suggested time 37 min 34 points0/17 attempted
1

Momentum vs kinetic energy

2

Perfectly inelastic collision

3

Perfectly inelastic loses the maximum

4

Momentum conservation is per-axis

5

K = p²/2m

6

Center-of-mass velocity in a collision

7

Solving a perfectly inelastic collision

8

A system at rest has zero total momentum

9

Elastic collision

10

Impulse is the area, not the peak force

11

Kinetic energy lost in a collision

12

The condition for momentum conservation

Short answer 1. Define or explain: Two-dimensional collisions

3 pts

Short answer 2. Define or explain: Center of mass

3 pts

Short answer 3. Define or explain: Why collisions can ignore friction

3 pts

Short answer 4. Define or explain: Inelastic collision

3 pts

Free response

10 pts

Cart A of mass m slides on a horizontal, frictionless track with speed v₀ to the right and collides with Cart B of mass 3m, which is initially at rest. The carts stick together after the collision. Figure 1 (given) is a momentum bar chart for the instant before the collision, on a scale where one division represents mv₀: Cart A's momentum is one division to the right and Cart B's is zero.

A. Describe the momentum bar chart for the instant immediately after the collision, on the same scale, for Cart A, Cart B, and the two-cart system.

B. Starting from conservation of linear momentum, derive an expression for the speed of the two-cart system immediately after the collision, in terms of v₀.

C. Derive an expression for the fraction of the system’s original kinetic energy that remains after the collision.

D. Indicate whether the magnitude of the impulse delivered to Cart A is greater than, less than, or equal to the magnitude of the impulse delivered to Cart B, and justify your answer.