Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments unit test

A test on this unit alone, marked as a percentage and a letter grade — for the test your class is actually sitting, rather than for May. Answer everything, then submit once: seeing the answer to question 3 before attempting question 4 makes the final percentage meaningless.

Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3

Each paper is built from this unit’s 23 terms and is the same for everyone, so a teacher can assign “Unit 4, Paper 3” and every student sits the identical test. Multiple choice is marked objectively; the written sections you mark yourself against the model answer and rubric.

Suggested time 34 min 31 points0/17 attempted

Voltaire

Cameralism

Tycho Brahe and Kepler

Rousseau, The Social Contract

Galileo

Enlightened absolutism

Copernicus

Scientific Revolution

Philosophes

Francis Bacon

Deism

René Descartes

Short answer 1. Define or explain: Joseph II

3 pts

Short answer 2. Define or explain: Limits of the Enlightenment

3 pts

Short answer 3. Define or explain: Why the Scientific Revolution mattered beyond science

3 pts

Short answer 4. Define or explain: Enlightenment

3 pts

Free response

7 pts

This course has no free-response prompt tagged to this unit, so one from elsewhere in the course is used. It is still worth writing — the skill transfers.

Document-Based Question (7 points). Evaluate the extent to which the First World War transformed European society and politics in the period from 1914 to 1929. Use the following document set. Document 1: British Ministry of Munitions report (1917) on the recruitment of nearly one million women into shell factories and engineering works. Document 2: Wilfred Owen, “Dulce et Decorum Est” (written 1917, published posthumously 1920), describing a gas attack and mocking the claim that dying for one’s country is sweet and fitting. Document 3: Order No. 1 of the Petrograd Soviet (March 1917), directing soldiers to elect committees and obey the Soviet rather than the Provisional Government in political matters. Document 4: Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles (1919), assigning responsibility to Germany and its allies for causing all loss and damage of the war. Document 5: German Reichsbank exchange-rate figures for 1923, showing the mark falling to over four trillion to the United States dollar. Document 6: Benito Mussolini, speech to the Fascist congress (1921), presenting fascism as the answer to parliamentary weakness and socialist disorder. Document 7: Representation of the People Act (Britain, 1918), extending the vote to all men over twenty-one and to women over thirty who met a property qualification.